Based on these analyses, I summarized that the unemployment in our country was mainly structural unemployment, especially the unemployment caused by the transformation of technical structure and ownership structure. On these grounds, I put forward some countermeasures of unemployment’s administration: Strengthen the investment on human resource capital, to promote the get job ability of traditional labor, forming a developable labor force; using the macro economic policy to create the get job opportunity, perfect the labor market to promote the labor’s rational moving; establishing an unemployment protecting system which is beneficial to promote people get a job.

本文从失业的一般理论问题研究入手，深入分析了我国的失业率统计体系，失业人口的动态变化对于失业率水平的影响，以及导致失业形成的历史和现实的因素，并研究了失业在我国呈现出的某些结构性的特征：因下岗而失业的人口占失业人口比重较大；传统行业失业率较高、经济欠发达地区失业率较高；长期失业率比重攀升；青年失业率高等，在此基础上总结出，我国的失业以结构性失业为主，尤其以技术结构变迁和所有制结构变迁所引起结构性失业为主，并据此提出失业治理的对策构想：进行人力资本投资，以增进传统型劳动力的就业能力，形成可持续发展的劳动力资源；利用政府的宏观经济政策，人为地创造就业机会；完善劳动力市场，促进劳动力的合理流动；建立起有利于促进就业的失业保障制度。